The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool For Mild Cognitive Impairment
Correction(s) for this article
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Corrigendum
- Volume 67Issue 9Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- pages: 1991-1991
- First Published online: March 29, 2019
Ziad S. Nasreddine MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorNatalie A. Phillips PhD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorValérie Bédirian BSc
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorSimon Charbonneau MPS
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorVictor Whitehead MSW
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorIsabelle Collin PhD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorJeffrey L. Cummings MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorHoward Chertkow MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorZiad S. Nasreddine MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorNatalie A. Phillips PhD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorValérie Bédirian BSc
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorSimon Charbonneau MPS
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorVictor Whitehead MSW
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorIsabelle Collin PhD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorJeffrey L. Cummings MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorHoward Chertkow MD
From the * Center for Clinical Research, Neurology Service, Hôpital Charles LeMoyne, Quebec, Canada † Memory Clinic Neuro Rive-Sud, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada ‡ Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute, and § Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ∥ Research Center, University Institute of Geriatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ¶ Center for Research in Human Development/Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada # Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartments of ** Neurology †† Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Gellen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Search for more papers by this authorThis work was supported by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Société Alzheimer Rive-Sud, Longueuil, Quebec, Alzheimer Society of Canada, Valorization Recherche Québec (Consortium Cognition et Vieillissement), and Consortium of Canadian Centers for Clinical Cognitive Research. Dr. Chertkow is a national researcher of the Fonds de la recherche en Santé du Québec. Dr. Jeffrey L. Cummings is supported by a National Institute on Aging Alzheimer's Disease Center grant (AG 16570), an Alzheimer's disease Research Center of California grant, and the Sidell-Kagan Foundation.
Abstract
Objectives: To develop a 10-minute cognitive screening tool (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) to assist first-line physicians in detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a clinical state that often progresses to dementia.
Design: Validation study.
Setting: A community clinic and an academic center.
Participants: Ninety-four patients meeting MCI clinical criteria supported by psychometric measures, 93 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score≥17), and 90 healthy elderly controls (NC).
Measurements: The MoCA and MMSE were administered to all participants, and sensitivity and specificity of both measures were assessed for detection of MCI and mild AD.
Results: Using a cutoff score 26, the MMSE had a sensitivity of 18% to detect MCI, whereas the MoCA detected 90% of MCI subjects. In the mild AD group, the MMSE had a sensitivity of 78%, whereas the MoCA detected 100%. Specificity was excellent for both MMSE and MoCA (100% and 87%, respectively).
Conclusion: MCI as an entity is evolving and somewhat controversial. The MoCA is a brief cognitive screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting MCI as currently conceptualized in patients performing in the normal range on the MMSE.
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